Geography of India

EnglishGeography

Landforms, rivers, climate and resources of India — mapped for exams.

About this subject

Indian geography covers the country's physical features, drainage, climate, soils, vegetation, agriculture, minerals and industries. It is highly map-based, so visual learning helps the most.

Useful for

SSC CGLSSC CHSLSSC GDRRB NTPCRRB Group DUPSC

Important points

1
India covers about 32.87 lakh sq km — the 7th largest country, about 2.4% of the world's land area.
2
India lies entirely in the Northern Hemisphere; the Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 states.
3
The Standard Meridian of India (82°30′ E) passes through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh.
4
India's longest land border is with Bangladesh.
5
Anamudi (2,695 m) in Kerala is the highest peak of Peninsular India.
6
The Ganga is India's longest river; the Godavari is the longest peninsular river, called the "Dakshin Ganga".
7
The Narmada and Tapi flow westward through rift valleys into the Arabian Sea.
8
Mawsynram in Meghalaya receives the highest average rainfall in India.
9
Alluvial soil is the most widespread soil; black (regur) soil is best suited for cotton.
10
Jim Corbett (1936) is India's first national park.
11
Rajasthan is the largest state by area and Goa the smallest.
12
Indira Point in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands is the southernmost point of India; the Palk Strait separates India and Sri Lanka.